バロフロキサシン

効能

抗菌薬, 核酸合成阻害薬

説明

Balofloxacin, a novel orally-active fluoroquinolone antibiotic, was introduced in South Korea for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI). It can be synthetized by reaction of 3-(methylamino)piperidine with the classical 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid template. In vitro antibacterial activity of balofloxacin against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyrogenes) was almost equal to that of sparfloxacin or tosufloxacin, in contrast its activity against gram-negative bacteria was 2 times or more lower. In clinical trials, balofloxacin was well tolerated and showed comparable efficacy to ofloxacin in patients with UTls. After oral administration, balofloxacin was well absorbed, and was primarily eliminated unchanged in the urine with an elimination half-life of approximately 8 h. In animal studies, balofloxacin did not exhibit any phototoxicity.

化学的特性

Crystalline Solid

使用

Balofloxacin is quinolone antibiotic, inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial DNA by interference with the enqyme DNA gyrase.

応用例（製薬）

A 6-fluoro-8-methoxy quinolone derivative. It has good antistaphylococcal activity (MIC 0.4–4 mg/L), but is inactive against methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA) and quinolone-resistant Staph. aureus; Str. pneumoniae is inhibited by 0.4 mg/L. It has good activity against Enterobacteriaceae, but is inactive against Ps. aeruginosa (MIC 8–16 mg/L). After a 200 mg oral dose a peak level of 1.7 mg/L is reached in 1 h. The apparent elimination halflife is about 8 h, rising to 13 h in elderly subjects. Plasma protein binding is about 16%. It was withdrawn from the market in Japan because of adverse events, but is available in China.